What are Examples of Research Questions?

Updated | October 26, 2026

What are examples of research questions? This article lists 8 illustrative examples of research questions that can serve as your guide in writing your thesis.

Introduction

Well-written research questions determine how the entire research process will proceed. They serve as the foundation upon which the study is built, guiding the methodology, data collection, and analysis to ensure that the research remains focused and meaningful.

To effectively write the statement of your thesis’s problem, you will need to remember certain principles that will guide you in framing those critical questions.

There are already many literature pieces written on how to write the research questions required to investigate a phenomenon. But how are the research questions framed in actual situations? How do you write the research questions in a manner that will help you make an incisive analysis?

Intention of Writing Research Questions

The intention of the research activity should guide all research decisions. Once this is clearly defined, the research typically pursues one of three primary outcomes: 1) to describe a phenomenon, 2) to determine if differences exist between variables, or 3) to find out if correlations or relationships exist between variables.

Before writing your research questions, you will need to understand specific rules and principles that govern their formulation. Start by discerning what you intend to achieve in your research and identifying your expected outcomes based on past experience and literature review.

Consider these key questions:

  1. What are your research aims?
  2. What outcomes do you expect?
  3. Do you intend to describe something, determine differences, or explain the causes of a phenomenon?

Research has at least three essential outcomes, each with distinct principles for framing research questions. The following sections describe these outcomes in detail and provide examples of research questions for each.

Three Primary Research Outcomes

examples of research questions
Identify your research outcomes based on past experience and literature search.

In quantitative research, there are at least three basic research outcomes that will arise in writing the research questions. These are

  1. come up with a description,
  2. determine differences between variables, and
  3. find out correlations between variables.

Research Outcome Number 1. Come up with a description.

The outcome of your research question may be as a description. The description contextualizes the situation, explains something about the subjects or respondents of the study. It also provides the reader with an overview of your research.

For instance, the school administrator might want to study a group of teachers in a school to help improve the school’s performance in the licensure examinations. The school has been lagging in their ranking and there is a need to identify training needs to make the teachers more effective.

Specifically, the administrator would like to find out the composition of teachers in that school, find out how much time they spend in preparing their lessons, and what teaching styles they use in managing the teaching-learning process.

Below are examples of research questions for Research Outcome Number 1 on research about this hypothetical study.

3 Example Research Questions That Entail Description

  1. What is the demographic profile of the teachers in terms of age, gender, educational attainment, civil status, and number of training attended?
  2. How much time do teachers devote to preparing their lessons?
  3. What teaching styles are used by teachers in managing their students?

The expected outcomes of the example research questions above will be a description of the teachers’ demographic profile, a range of time devoted to preparing their lessons, and a description of the teachers’ teaching styles.

These research outcomes show tables and graphs with accompanying highlights of the findings. Highlights are those interesting trends or dramatic results that need attention, such as very few training provided to teachers. 

Armed with information derived from such research, the administrator can then undertake measures to enhance the teachers’ performance. A hit-and-miss approach is avoided. Thus, the intervention becomes more effective than issuing memos to correct the situation without systematic study.

Research Outcome Number 2. Determine differences between variables.

To write research questions that integrate the variables of the study, you should be able to define what is a variable. If this term is already quite familiar to you, and you are confident in your understanding, you may read the rest of this post.

For example, you might want to find out the differences between groups in a selected variable in your study. Say you would like to know if there is a significant difference in long quiz scores (the variable you are interested in) between students who study at night and students who study early in the morning.

You may frame your research questions thus:

2 Example Research Questions to Determine Difference

Non-directional
  1. Is there a significant difference in long quiz score between students who study early in the morning and students who study at night?
Directional
  1. Are the quiz scores of students who study early in the morning higher than those who study at night?

The first example research question intends to determine if a difference exists in long quiz scores between students who study at night and those who study early in the morning, hence are non-directional. The aim is just to find out if there is a significant difference. A two-tailed t-test will show if a difference exists.

The second research question aims to determine if students who study in the morning have better quiz scores than what the literature review suggests. Thus, the latter is directional.

Research Outcome Number 3. Find out correlations or relationships between variables.

The outcome of research questions in this category will be to explain correlations or causality. Below are examples of research questions that aim to determine correlations or relationships between variables using a combination of the variables mentioned in research outcome numbers 1 and 2.

3 Example Research Questions That Imply Correlation Analysis

  1. Is there a significant relationship between teaching style and the long quiz score of students?
  2. Is there a significant association between the student’s long quiz score and the teacher’s age, gender, and training attended?
  3. Is there a relationship between the long quiz score and the number of hours devoted by students in studying their lessons?

Note that in all the preceding examples, the conceptual framework integrates the study variables. Therefore, research questions must always incorporate the variables in them so that the researcher can describe, find differences, or correlate them with each other.

If you find this helpful, take the time to share this with your peers to discover new and exciting things along with their fields of interest.


Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

What are examples of research questions in education?

Education research questions generally evaluate teaching methods, student achievement, learning environments, or school policies.
Examples:
1. What teaching styles are used by teachers in managing their students? (Descriptive)
2. How does the implementation of flipped classroom models affect student test scores in secondary STEM education? (Comparative or Experimental)

What are examples of research questions for students?

These are inquiries tailored around student behaviors, study habits, motivation, and academic milestones.
Examples:
1. How much time do students devote to preparing for their daily lessons and examinations?
2. What is the relationship between the number of hours spent studying and students’ long quiz scores?

What are examples of research questions in quantitative studies?

Quantitative research questions focus on measurable variables, statistics, numerical data, frequencies, and relationships. They typically fall into descriptive, comparative, or relationship-based categories.
Examples:
Descriptive: What is the average grade point average (GPA) of freshman students in university settings?
Comparative: Is there a significant difference in long quiz scores between students who study early in the morning and those who study at night?
Relationship-based: What is the correlation between weekly study hours and final exam scores among college students?

Where can I find examples of research questions and answers for thesis writing?

You can look to academic writing guide here in dev.simplyeducate.me detailing how to frame research aims around description, differences, and correlations—which pair questions with expected analytical outputs (like descriptive statistics or t-tests).
Example Pairing:
Question: Is there a significant relationship between teaching style and the long quiz score of students?
Expected Answer or Outcome: Statistical identification of whether specific teaching methodologies have a measurable positive, negative, or neutral correlation with academic performance.

What are good research questions examples for college students?

College-level research questions require a narrower, more analytical scope that connects independent and dependent variables relevant to higher education or specialized fields.
Examples:
1. How do socioeconomic factors impact access to digital learning platforms and online education among undergraduate students?
2. What is the impact of part-time employment on the academic performance and stress levels of university undergraduates?

What are 5 good research questions to use as a starting template?

Depending on your research goals, here are five templates spanning different intents:
Descriptive: What is the demographic profile of [target population] in terms of [list variables, e.g., age, income, experience]?
Comparative (Non-directional): Is there a significant difference in [measured outcome] between [Group A] and [Group B]?
Comparative (Directional): Are the performance scores of [Group A] higher than those of [Group B]?
Correlational: What is the relationship between [Independent Variable] and [Dependent Variable] among [target group]?
Outcome: How does participation in [program/intervention] affect the result of [target group]?


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